Kuenda kuUnited States, iyo nyika yemukana, kurota kune vazhinji vagari veKenya. Kunyangwe iwe uri mufambi ane shungu anoshuva kushanyira nzvimbo dzinoyevedza, nyanzvi inoshingaira inoshuvira kuita dzidzo yepamusoro muzvikoro zvinoremekedzwa zveAmerica, nyanzvi inokasira kutsvaga mahorizoni matsva munyika yemukana, kana kungotsvaga kubatana nemhuri neshamwari, kunzwisisa zvinodiwa visa zvakakosha. Dambudziko rinotyisa rekutora vhiza reUS rwendo rwakazadzwa nekuomesesa, kusava nechokwadi, uye kugadzirira zvine hungwaru.
Mhando dzeUS visa
Kufamba neUnited States visa landscape kunoda kunzwisisa kwemhando dzakasiyana siyana dzevhiza dzinowanikwa kuvagari veKenya. Chikamu chega chega vhiza chinoshandisa chinangwa chakasiyana, kugovera kune akasiyana mafambiro, kudzidza, basa, uye zvinodiwa zvekutama.
a. Tourist Visa (B-1/B-2 Visa)
- Chinangwa: Yakaitirwa vanhu vanoenda kuUS kushanya, mafaro, kana kurapwa. Inobatawo kushanya kumhuri neshamwari.
- Nguva Yachinotora: Kazhinji inobvumirwa kugara kwenguva pfupi, kazhinji kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu.
- Maitiro ekunyorera: Inoda humbowo hwemari yakakwana, chikonzero chinomanikidza chekufamba, uye zvisungo kuenda kuKenya kuratidza chinangwa chekudzoka.
b. Visa Yemudzidzi (F-1 Visa)
- Chinangwa: Yakagadzirirwa vadzidzi vepasirese vari kuita zvidzidzo zvedzidzo kana zvemutauro kumasangano anotenderwa eUS.
- Nguva Yachinotora: Inoshanda kwenguva yechirongwa chedzidzo, paine mukana wekuwedzera kudzidziswa kunoshanda.
- Maitiro ekunyorera: Inoda kugamuchirwa kubva kusangano reUS, humbowo hwerutsigiro rwemari, uye kuomerera kune chaiyo yedzidzo uye yeChirungu hunyanzvi zviyero.
c. Exchange Visitor Visa (J-1 Visa)
- Chinangwa: Inofambisa kutora chikamu muzvirongwa zvekutsinhana zvinotsigirwa nehurumende, masangano edzidzo, kana masangano akazvimirira.
- Nguva: Nguva inosiyana zvichienderana nechirongwa chekuchinjana, kubva pamavhiki mashoma kusvika kumakore akati wandei.
- Maitiro ekunyorera: Inosanganisira kutsigirwa nechirongwa chakabvumidzwa chekuchinjana, pamwe chete nemusangano-zvakananga zvinodiwa.
d. Work Visa (H-1B Visa, L-1 Visa, nezvimwewo)
- Chinangwa: Inobvumira vanhu kuti vashande muUS kwenguva pfupi mumabasa akasarudzika, intra-kambani kutamiswa, kana mamwe mabasa.
- Nguva Yakareba: Inosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwevhiza uye mazwi ebasa, kazhinji kubva kumwedzi yakati wandei kusvika kumakore akati wandei.
- Maitiro ekunyorera: Inoda kutsigirwa nemushandirwi wekuUS, kusangana nezvinodiwa zvebasa, uye kuwana mvumo kubva kuUS Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).
e. Mhuri-based Visa
- Chinangwa: Inogonesa kubatana kwemhuri nekubvumira hama dzakakodzera dzevagari vemuUS kana vagari vekusingaperi kuti vatamire kuUnited States.
- Mhando: Sanganisira mavhiza ehama (IR) yevakaroora, vana, uye vabereki vevagari vemuUS, pamwe nemavhiza ekuda mhuri (F) kune dzimwe hama dziri kure.
- Maitiro ekunyorera: Inosanganisira kukumbira nenhengo yemhuri inotsigira, kusangana nemaitiro ekukodzera, uye kufamba-famba kunobva kumhuri maitiro ekubvakacha.
f. Diversity Visa (DV) Lottery
- Chinangwa: Inopa nzira yekuti vagari venyika dzakakodzera, kusanganisira Kenya, vanyorere pekugara zvachose muUS kuburikidza nesarudzo yeroti.
- Nguva: Inopa chimiro chekugara zvachose (Green Card) kusarudza vanhu uye nhengo dzemhuri dzakakodzera.
- Maitiro ekunyorera: Inoda kunyoreswa panguva yegore DV lottery yekupinda nguva uye kusarudzwa kuburikidza neandomized dhizaini.
General visa zvinodiwa
Kuwana vhiza rekuUS kunosanganisira kusangana neseti yezvinodikanwa zvinoshanda mumapoka akasiyana-siyana evisa. Nepo maitiro chaiwo anogona kusiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwevhiza inotsvakwa, zvimwe zvakakosha zvinofanirwa kushanda kune vese vagari vekuKenya vanonyorera vhiza yekuUS.
a. Pasipoti inoshanda
Vagari vemuKenya vanofanirwa kunge vaine pasipoti inoshanda yakapihwa neRepublic of Kenya. Iyo pasipoti inofanirwa kunge iine zuva rekupera ingangoita mwedzi mitanhatu kupfuura iyo nguva yakatarwa yekugara muUnited States.
b. Online Visa Application (DS-160)
Vanyoreri vanofanira kuzadza fomu reDS-160 pamhepo kuburikidza neConsular Electronic Application Center (CEAC). Iyo DS-160 fomu inounganidza ruzivo rwehupenyu, ruzivo rwekufamba, uye imwe data yakakodzera inodiwa pakugadzirisa visa.
c. Visa kugadzwa
Mushure mekuzadza fomu reDS-160, vanyoreri vanofanirwa kuronga vhiza yekubvunzurudza kugadzwa kuUS Embassy kana Consulate muKenya. Kurongeka kwekugadzwa kunowanzoitwa kuburikidza neUS Visa Ruzivo uye Appointment Services webhusaiti.
d. Kubhadhara mari yeVisa
Kubhadhara kweiyo isingadzoserwe mari yekunyorera vhiza inosungirwa kune ese mavhiza mapoka. Mari yekubhadhara inosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwevisa inotsvakwa uye inofanirwa kubhadharwa pachine nguva kuburikidza nenzira dzekubhadhara dzakatarwa.
e. Passport-saizi mafoto
Vanyoreri vanosungirwa kuendesa mapikicha achangoburwa epasipoti anosangana nezvakatsanangurwa neUS Department of State. Iwo mafoto anofanira kunge ari muruvara, akatorwa achitarisana nechena chena kana kunze-chena kumashure, uye anoteera kune chaiyo saizi uye nhungamiro yekuumbwa.
f. Magwaro anotsigira
Vanyoreri vanofanirwa kuunganidza seti yakazara yemagwaro anotsigira kuti vatsigire vhiza yavo yekushandisa. Mapepa anowanzo kudiwa anosanganisira:
- Humbowo hwemari yekubhadhara mari dzekufambisa uye kuzviraramisa panguva yekugara kweUS (semuenzaniso, masitatimendi ekubhangi, mabhadharo, kana tsamba dzekutsigira).
- Rwendo rwekufamba rwunotsanangura chinangwa, nguva, uye ruzivo rwerwendo rwaunoda kuenda kuUnited States.
- Humbowo hwezvisungo kuKenya, senge tsamba dzebasa, magwaro evaridzi vezvivakwa, kana hukama hwemhuri, kuratidza hukama hwakasimba hwemagariro, ehupfumi, uye emhuri kunyika yekumusha.
- Mamwe magwaro akanangana nechikamu chevhiza chiri kunyorerwa (semuenzaniso, Fomu I-20 yemavhiza evadzidzi, tsamba dzekupa basa dzemavhiza ebasa).
g. Kuongororwa kwechiremba (kana zvichidiwa)
Mamwe mavhiza mapoka, kunyanya mavhiza ekubva kune dzimwe nyika, anogona kuita kuti kuongororwa kwechiremba nachiremba akasarudzwa. Ongororo yekurapa ine chinangwa chekuongorora mamiriro ehutano hweanonyorera uye kuona kuti anotevedzera zvinodiwa neUS kutama.
h. Kugadzirira kubvunzurudza
Vanyoreri vanofanirwa kugadzirira zvakakwana kubvunzurudzwa vhiza, iyo inoshanda sedanho rakakosha mukuita kwekunyorera. Kugadzirira kunosanganisira kujairana nezvinodiwa zvevhiza, kutarisira mibvunzo yekubvunzurudza, uye kuunganidza magwaro ese anodiwa kuti ataure kune mukuru wehurumende.
Zvakananga visa zvinodiwa
Kune vagari vekuKenya vari kutsvaga kuwana chaiwo mhando dzemavhiza eUS, senge mavhiza evashanyi, mavhiza evadzidzi, mavhiza ebasa, kana mavhiza emhuri, pane zvimwe zvinodiwa zvinoenderana nechikamu chega chega.
a. Tourist Visa (B-1/B-2 Visa)
- Uchapupu hwechinangwa
- Ipa tsananguro yakajeka uye inogutsa yechinangwa chekushanya, uchisimbisa kushanya, zororo, kurapwa, kana kushanyira mhuri neshamwari.
- Ratidza hukama kuKenya, senge basa, muridzi wemidziyo, kana hukama hwemhuri, kusimbisa chinangwa chekudzokera mushure mekushanya kwenguva pfupi.
- Zvinyorwa zvemari
- Humbowo humbowo hwemari yakakwana yekuvhara mari yekufambisa, pekugara, uye mari yemazuva ese panguva yekugara muUnited States.
- Tumira zvitatimende zvebhangi zvichangoburwa, mabhayiri, kana tsamba dzekutsigira dzinoratidza kugadzikana kwemari.
- Rwendo rwendo
- Ipa rwendo rwakadzama runotsanangura zviitiko zvakarongwa, kwekuenda, uye nguva yerwendo rwekuUnited States.
- Sanganisira kurongerwa ndege, kubhurocha mahotera, uye chero rwendo rwakarongwa kana zviitiko.
- Tsamba yekukoka (kana zvichibvira)
- Kana uchishanyira mhuri kana shamwari kuUS, ipa tsamba yekukoka kubva kumuridzi, kusanganisira nezvehukama, chinangwa chekushanya, uye nguva yekugara.
b. Visa Yemudzidzi (F-1 Visa)
- Form I-20
- Tora Fomu I-20 (Chitupa Chekukodzera Kwevasingabvire Mudzidzi Status) kubva kuUS dzidzo institution yaunoronga kuenda.
- Iyo Form I-20 inosimbisa kugamuchirwa muchirongwa chenguva yakazara yedzidzo uye inodonongodza ruzivo rwekosi yekudzidza.
- SEVIS kubhadhara mari
- Bhadhara iyo SEVIS (Mudzidzi uye Shandura Yekushanya Ruzivo System) mubhadharo usati wabvunzurudzwa vhiza.
- Mari yeSEVIS mubhadharo unosungirwa kune vanonyorera mavisa eF neM kutsigira manejimendi echirongwa cheSEVIS.
- Zvinyorwa zvedzidzo uye zvibodzwa zvebvunzo
- Tumira zvinyorwa zvedzidzo, madiploma, uye zvitupa kubva kuzvikoro zvekare.
- Ipa zvibodzwa zvakamisikidzwa zvebvunzo, zvakaita seTOEFL (Muedzo weChirungu seMutauro Wekune dzimwe nyika) kana IELTS (International English Language Testing System), kuratidza kugona mutauro weChirungu.
- Zvinyorwa zvemari
- Ratidza kugona kubhadhara dzidzo yako uye mari yekugara muUnited States.
- Ipa zvirevo zvebhangi, tsamba dzemubairo wekufunda, kana maafidaviti ekutsigira kuratidza kugona kwemari.
b. Work Visa (H-1B Visa, L-1 Visa, nezvimwewo)
- Fomu I-129 uye kupa basa
- Waunenge uchishandira muUnited States anofanira kuisa Fomu I-129 (Chikumbiro cheMushandi Asiyekutamira) panzvimbo yako.
- Ipa tsamba yekupa basa inotsanangura chinzvimbo chebasa, mabasa, muhoro, uye mamwe mazwi ebasa.
- Zvidzidzo zvedzidzo uye zvehunyanzvi
- Tumira zvinyorwa zvinosimbisa mamiriro ako edzidzo, hunyanzvi hwekuita, uye ruzivo rwebasa rwakakodzera.
- Sanganisira zvinyorwa zvedzidzo, madiploma, zvitupa, uye tsamba dzekurudziro kubva kuvashandirwi vekare.
- Labor Condition Application (LCA) (yeH-1B Visa)
- Kana ukanyorera H-1B vhiza, mushandirwi anofanira kuwana yakabvumidzwa Labor Condition Chikumbiro (LCA) kubva kuDhipatimendi reVashandi.
- Iyo LCA inosimbisa kuti kushandwa kwevashandi vekunze hakuzokanganisa mihoro uye mamiriro ekushanda evashandi vekuUS.
d. Mhuri-based Visa
- Chikumbiro nemubatsiri
- Kana ukanyorera vhiza rekubva kumhuri, hama inotsigira (mugari wemuUS kana mugari ari pamutemo zvachose) anofanira kuisa chikumbiro (Fomu I-130) neUS Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).
- Chikumbiro chinosimbisa hukama hwemhuri uye kukodzera kuwana mabhenefiti ekubva kune dzimwe nyika.
- Kutsigira zvinyorwa
- Ipa magwaro anotsigira anoratidza hukama hwemhuri, sezvitupa zvekuzvarwa, zvitupa zvemuchato, kana zvisungo zvekugamuchirwa.
- Sanganisira umbowo hweuyo anotsigira ugari hwemuUS kana chimiro chiri pamutemo chekugara zvachose.
- Afidhavhiti yekutsigira
- Tumira Afidaviti Yerutsigiro (Fomu I-864) inoratidza kugona kwemubatsiri kutsigira nemari munyoreri wekubva kune imwe nyika.
- Afidaviti inovimbisa kuti mutorwa haazove muripo weruzhinji uye anogona kutsigirwa nemari panguva yavo yekutanga muUnited States.
Visa yekubvunzurudza maitiro
Kubvunzurudza vhiza chinhu chakakosha chemaitiro ekuUS vhiza, ichipa maconsular maofficial mukana wekuongorora kukodzera kweanonyorera, zvinangwa, uye zvikwaniriso zvevhiza yakumbirwa. Kune vagari vekuKenya vanonyorera vhiza yekuUS, maitiro ekubvunzurudza idanho rakakosha rinoda kunyatsogadzirira uye kutevedzera mamwe mapuroteni.
a. Ronga kubvunzurudza vhiza
Mushure mekuzadza fomu reDS-160 uye kubhadhara mari yekunyorera vhiza, vanyoreri vanofanirwa kuronga vhiza yekubvunzurudza kugadzwa kuUS Embassy kana Consulate muKenya. Kurongeka kwekugadzwa kunowanzoitwa online kuburikidza neUS Visa Ruzivo uye Appointment Services webhusaiti kana nekubata embassy/consulate zvakananga.
b. Unganidza magwaro anodiwa
Pamberi pebvunzurudzo, ita shuwa kuti magwaro ese anodiwa akarongeka uye ari nyore kuwanikwa kuti ataurirwe kune consular officer. Zvinyorwa zvinogona kusanganisira pasipoti, peji rekusimbisa DS-160, simbiso yekugadzwa vhiza, magwaro ekutsigira emari, rwendo rwekufamba, uye chero mamwe magwaro akananga kuchikamu chevisa.
c. Gadzirira kubvunzurudza
Zvijaidze nezvinodikanwa zvevisa, maitiro ekunyorera, uye US mitemo yekupinda nekubuda kwevanhu munyika ine chekuita nechikamu chako chevhiza.
Fungidzira mibvunzo inogona kubvunzwa panguva yekubvunzurudzwa, uchitarisa pazvirongwa zvako zvekufamba, hukama kuenda kuKenya, basa / dzidzo, uye zvikonzero zvekushanyira United States. Dzidzira kutaura mhinduro dzako zvakajeka uye muchidimbu, uchichengetedza kutendeseka uye kusagadzikana mubvunzurudzo yese.
d. Pinda kubvunzurudzo
Svika kuEmbassy yeUS kana Consulate nguva isati yakwana nguva yako yekubvunzurudza yakarongwa. Huya nemagwaro ese anodiwa, kusanganisira pasipoti uye simbiso yekubhadhara mari yevisa. Paunenge wasvika, ongorora kuchengetedzwa usati waenda kune chikamu che consular kubvunzurudzo.
e. Hurukuro nzira
Hurukuro yevhiza inowanzoitika pahwindo rakasarudzwa kana dumba mukati mechikamu chemumiriri. Mumiriri weConsular achakukwazisa uye otanga chirongwa chekubvunzurudza nekutarisa chitupa chako uye kuongorora chikumbiro chako. Iva wakagadzirira kupindura mibvunzo ine chekuita nechikumbiro chako chevhiza, zvirongwa zvekufamba, zvisungo kuenda kuKenya, uye zvimwe zvine chekuita. Ramba wakaumbwa, une ruremekedzo, uye uchibatirana mukati mebvunzurudzo yose, uchitaura nemumiriri wemumiriri neruremekedzo uye zvakananga.
f. Kuendeswa kwebiometric data (kana zvichibvira)
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanyoreri vanogona kudikanwa kuti vape biometric data, senge zvigunwe zvemunwe uye mufananidzo, sechikamu chekubvunzurudza. Biometric data collection inowanzoitwa kumumiriri/consulate nguva isati yasvika kana mushure mebvunzurudzo yevisa.
g. Mirira sarudzo yevhiza
Kutevera kubvunzurudzwa, mumiriri wemumiriri anotendera kana kuramba chikumbiro chevisa zvichienderana nekuongorora kwavo kukodzera uye kutevedzera zvinodiwa nevisa. Kana ikabvumidzwa, vhiza inonamirwa papasipoti yemunyoreri, uye mirairo ichapihwa yekutoresa pasipoti. Muchiitiko chekunyimwa vhiza, mumiriri wemumiriri anotsanangura zvikonzero zvechisarudzo, uye vanyoreri vanogona kuve nesarudzo yekunyorerazve mune ramangwana, kugadzirisa chero zvikanganiso zvakaonekwa panguva yekutanga chikumbiro.
h. Maitiro epashure-bvunzurudzo
Paunenge wagamuchira vhiza, nyatsoongorora vhiza chitambi chechokwadi, kusanganisira chikamu chevhiza, mazuva echokwadi, uye chero akakosha zvirevo. Zvijairirane nemitemo nemamiriro evisa, kusanganisira zviitiko zvinotenderwa, nguva yekugara, uye chero zvirambidzo kana zvinodiwa zvakatemwa.
Kubvumidzwa kweVisa uye kupinda kuUS
Pakugamuchira mvumo yevisa yeUS, vagari vemuKenya vanogona kuenderera mberi negadziriro dzekupinda muUnited States. Mvumo yevhiza inoreva mvumo yepamutemo yekufamba kuenda kuUS nekuda kwezvinangwa zvakatsanangurwa mukukumbira vhiza.
a. Kuburitswa kweVisa
Mushure mekubvunzurudzwa kwevhiza kwakabudirira, kana mumiriri akabvumidza chikumbiro chevisa, vhiza inonamirwa papasipoti yemunyoreri. Visa inotsanangura chikamu chevisa, mazuva ekushanda, nhamba yezvinyorwa zvinotenderwa, uye chero mamwe zvirevo kana zvirambidzo.
b. Kuronga mafambiro
Kana vhiza rangopihwa, ronga rwendo rwekufamba, kusanganisira kubhuka ndege, marongero epekugara, uye zvimwe zvinhu. Iva nechokwadi chekutevedzwa nemazuva ekushanda kwevisa, sezvo kupinda kuUS kunobvumidzwa chete panguva yekubvumidzwa kwevhiza.
c. Kugadzirira kusati kwasimuka
Usati waenda kuUnited States, ongorora chitambi chevisa chiri mupasipoti kuti uone chokwadi cheruzivo, kusanganisira chikamu chevhiza nemazuva echokwadi. Unganidza magwaro ese anodiwa ekufamba, anosanganisira pasipoti ine vhiza yakanamirwa, mapasi ekubhadhara, inishuwarenzi yekufambisa, uye chero mamwe magwaro anokurudzirwa nevendege kana vakuru vekubvakacha.
d. Kusvika kuUnited States
Kana wasvika pachiteshi chengarava cheUS (semuenzaniso, nhandare yendege, chiteshi chezvikepe, kana kuyambuka muganhu wenyika), enda kunzvimbo yakatarwa yekubvakacha uye yekuongorora tsika. Ipa pasipoti ine vhiza yakanamirwa kune Customs uye Border Dziviriro (CBP) mukuru kuti aongororwe.
e. Kuongororwa kwekubvakacha
Mukuru weCBP achaita bvunzurudzo pfupi uye kuongorora magwaro emufambi, kusanganisira pasipoti, vhiza, uye Arrival/Departure Record (Fomu I-94). Ipa mhinduro dzechokwadi uye dzakapfupika kumibvunzo ipi neipi inobvunzwa nemukuru weCBP maererano nechinangwa chekushanya, nguva yakatarwa yekugara, nezvimwe zvine chekuita.
f. Biometric data collection (kana iripo)
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vafambi vanogona kudikanwa kuti vape data yebiometric, senge zvigunwe uye mufananidzo, sechikamu chekuongorora kwekubvakacha.
g. Kutsunga kwekubvumirwa
Mukuru weCBP achaongorora kubvumirwa kwemufambi kuUnited States zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita semvumo yevhiza, chinangwa chekufamba, hukama kuenda kuKenya, uye kutevedzera mitemo yekupinda nekubuda kwevanhu munyika. Kana zvikaonekwa sezvinotenderwa, mukuru weCBP anodhinda pasipoti oburitsa fomu remagetsi I-94 rinoratidza nguva yekugara muUS.
h. Kupinda muUnited States
Mushure mekupfuura nemubvunzo wekubvakacha, enda kunotora mikwende yakatariswa (kana iripo) uye enda kunzvimbo yakatarwa yekubuda. Tanga kuongorora uye kunakidzwa nekugara kwako munyika, uchitevedzera mitemo nemirau inoshanda.
i. Kubva kuUnited States
Nguva yekugara kwemvumo isati yapera yakaratidzwa paFomu I-94, ita gadziriro dzekubva kuUnited States kana kutsvaga kuwedzerwa kwekugara kana zvichidikanwa. Ita shuwa kutevedzerwa nemitemo yese yeUS yekupinda nekubuda kwevanhu munyika panguva yekugara munyika.
mhedziso
Zviroto zvekufamba mumigwagwa ine vanhu vakawanda yeGuta reNew York, uchiongorora nzvimbo dzakadzikama dzeYellowstone National Park, kana kutsvaga hunyanzvi hwedzidzo muhoro dzinoera dzemayunivhesiti eIvy League dzakagara dzichikwevera vagari vekuKenya kuUnited States. Kutanga mu odyssey yekuwana vhiza yeUS kunoda kunyatsogadzirira, kushivirira kusingazungunuke, uye kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwemaitiro. Nekunyura mukati meiyo nuances yeUS vhiza zvinodiwa, unozvipa simba kuti ufambe zvakaomarara zveUS visa application process zvinobudirira.